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Stomach Cancer Treatment In Singapore

DrGanesh DP 2
Dr Ganesh Ramalingam

Specialist in General Surgery

Procedure

Stomach / Gastric Cancer Treatment In A Nutshell

  • Stomach cancer treatment often includes gastrectomy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, with gastrectomy being the primary surgical option.
  • Gastrectomy involves removing part or all of the stomach to remove cancerous tissue, depending on the cancer’s stage and location.
  • The surgery is performed through an abdominal incision, with the remaining stomach or digestive tract reconnected for normal digestion.
  • Patients typically stay in the hospital for 5 to 7 days after surgery.
  • Recovery generally takes about 3 to 6 months, during which patients gradually resume normal activities and adapt their diet.

Table of Contents

Stomach Cancer

How Is Stomach Cancer Treated?

Stomach cancer treatment generally involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, tailored to the cancer’s stage, location, and the patient’s overall health. The treatment plan is designed to effectively target the cancer while considering the patient’s well-being.

Gastrectomy

Gastrectomy is a key surgical treatment for stomach cancer, involving the removal of part or all of the stomach. This procedure aims to eliminate cancerous cells and affected tissues, and is often chosen for more advanced stages or specific types of stomach cancer. The extent of removal depends on the tumour’s location and size.

Surgical Bypass

In some cases, surgical bypass may be performed to reroute the digestive tract. This procedure helps manage symptoms if the cancer causes obstruction or significant disruption in the stomach or intestines. Surgical bypass can improve digestive function and quality of life, particularly when complete removal of the stomach is not feasible.

Chemotherapy

This treatment involves using drugs to kill cancer cells or inhibit their growth. It may be administered before surgery to shrink tumours or after surgery to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. Chemotherapy is also used if the cancer has spread beyond the stomach.

Radiation Therapy

This method uses high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells. Radiation therapy may be used to reduce tumour size before surgery, manage symptoms in advanced stages, or in combination with other treatments to enhance overall effectiveness.

stomach cancer procedure
Stomach Cancer

Gastrectomy: Stomach Cancer Surgery

Gastrectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part or all of the stomach to treat stomach cancer or other severe conditions. It is often necessary when cancer is detected in the stomach, particularly if it has advanced to a stage where other treatments are less effective. 

The surgery aims to remove cancerous tissues, alleviate symptoms, and improve overall health. During the procedure, the surgeon may remove a portion of the stomach (partial gastrectomy) or the entire stomach (total gastrectomy). 

The procedure involves making an incision in the abdomen to access and remove the affected areas. After removal, the remaining stomach or digestive tract is reconnected to allow for normal digestion.

What To Expect For A Gastrectomy

When undergoing gastrectomy for stomach cancer, it’s important to understand what to expect before, during, and after the surgery to ensure a smooth and informed recovery process.

Pre-Surgery Consultation: You will meet with your surgeon to discuss the procedure’s risks and benefits and address any questions or concerns.

Pre-Operative Testing: Various tests, such as blood work and imaging scans, will evaluate your overall health and ensure you are fit for surgery.

Dietary Adjustments: To prepare your body and reduce the risk of complications, you may need to follow specific dietary instructions and avoid eating or drinking for a period before the surgery.

Here’s a step-by-step overview of how a gastrectomy is performed.

  1. Anaesthesia: You will be given anaesthesia to ensure you are asleep and pain-free throughout the surgery.
  2. Incision: The surgeon makes an incision in the abdomen to access the stomach.
  3. Removal of the Stomach: Depending on the type of gastrectomy, part or all of the stomach will be removed. The surgeon carefully separates the cancerous tissue from surrounding healthy areas.
  4. Reconstruction: The remaining parts of the stomach or intestines are then connected to ensure proper digestion.
  5. Closing the Incision: The surgeon will close the incision with stitches or staples and apply a dressing.

Hospital Stay: Most patients stay in the hospital for about 5 to 7 days after surgery, depending on their recovery progress.

Post-Surgery Care: You will receive pain management, and your vital signs will be closely monitored. Initial recovery may involve limited mobility and support from healthcare staff.

Post Operative Care After Gastrectomy

Proper post-operative care is important for a smooth recovery. This includes:

  • Wound Care: Keep the surgical site clean and dry. Follow your doctor’s instructions on how to care for your wound.
  • Medications: Take prescribed medications as directed to manage pain and prevent infection.
  • Follow-Up Appointments: You will have regular check-ups with your surgeon, typically scheduled every 1-3 months in the first year after surgery. These appointments help monitor your recovery, manage any side effects, and ensure the cancer is effectively managed.

Recovery After Stomach Cancer Surgery

Understanding the recovery process is important for a smooth transition back to daily life. Here’s a general overview of what to expect during this period.

First Week: You will be in the hospital, with initial recovery focused on pain management, wound care, and gradual resumption of eating and drinking.

Weeks 2-4: Follow-up visits will occur to monitor your progress. You may experience fatigue and need assistance with daily activities. You’ll gradually start incorporating light activities.

Months 1-3: Most patients can resume light work and daily activities, though full recovery may still be ongoing. You will have follow-up appointments to assess your recovery and adjust any treatments as needed.

Months 4-6: You may be able to return to more normal activities and work, depending on your overall recovery. Continued follow-up will help ensure proper healing and address any complications.

Month 6 and Beyond: Most patients are well on their way to full recovery, though regular check-ups will continue to monitor your health and manage any long-term effects.

What to Eat: Focus on small, frequent meals rich in protein, fibre, and vitamins to support healing. Include foods like lean meats, fish, eggs, dairy products, and vegetables. Hydration is crucial, so drink plenty of water.

What to Avoid: Steer clear of heavy, greasy, or spicy foods that can irritate the stomach. Limit sugary foods and caffeine, and avoid alcohol. Initially, you may need to avoid raw or undercooked foods and foods high in fat.

Transition to a Normal Diet: You will gradually reintroduce more varied foods as your recovery progresses, typically starting around 4-6 weeks post-surgery. Your healthcare team will provide personalised recommendations based on your specific recovery needs.

What You Can Do: Begin with gentle activities such as walking, stretching, and light exercises approved by your healthcare provider. These activities help improve circulation and prevent complications.

What to Avoid: Refrain from heavy lifting, strenuous exercise, or activities that put strain on your abdomen for several weeks. High-impact sports or exercises involving twisting and bending should be avoided initially.

Return to Exercising: Most patients can resume light to moderate exercise about 6-8 weeks after surgery, depending on their recovery progress. Always follow your surgeon’s advice and gradually increase activity levels based on how you feel.